Reint E. Gropp

ifo Institut – Leibniz Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung e.V. is an independent research firm headquartered in Munich, Germany. Founded in 1949, the firm focuses on five areas of activity: policy advisory work, provision of information/services, participation in public debate, promotion of junior economists, and research in economics.

Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (Research) (IZA-Research) is the investment research division of Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH, a nonprofit research institute headquartered in Bonn, Germany. Founded in 1998, the firm provides platforms for knowledge exchange and makes relevant research findings accessible for policy practitioners and the general public. IZA-Research serves as a bridge builder for national and international research in labor economics. Their goal in conducting fundamental research, providing scientific policy advice, and engaging in active knowledge transfer is to narrow the distance between science and society in order to help create a better future of work for all.

Hamburgisches WeltWirtschaftsInstitut gemeinnützige GmbH (HWWI) is an independent economic research institute headquartered in Hamburg, Germany. Founded in 2012, the firm carries out basic and applied research, while providing impetus for business, politics and society. The HWWI's research activity spans over four areas. Metatrends such as globalization, digitization, demographic change, sustainability, and urbanization are thereby addressed as transversal objectives in various dimensions.

Münchener Gesellschaft zur Förderung der is a non-profit company based in Munich, Germany. The German company's focus is on opening up data to academic researchers to study questions of social and public interest. Cesifo, a research cluster created by the company, seeks answers to novel economic research questions. The company was founded in 1999 by Hans-Werner Sinn. Clemens Fuest has been the CEO of the company since 2016.

Arbor Ventures (Hong Kong) is a venture capital firm founded in 2012 by Melissa Crane Guzy and Wei Hopeman. The firm is headquartered in Hong Kong.

European Central Bank (Research Firm) (ECB Research) is the research division of European Central Bank, which is ultimately held by the European Union. The firm is headquartered in Frankfurt and was founded in 1998. ECB Research provides investment research to their clients.