Yew Kong Loke
Corporate Officer/Principal en Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants .
Relaciones activas
Nombre | Sexo | Edad | Empresas relacionadas | Colaboración |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tian Chun Quahe | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 61 años |
Yong Chow Hin | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 61 años |
Siew Han Lee | F | 54 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Stephen Greenwood | M | 60 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Weng Kai Fong | M | 59 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Yong Poh Yeo | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 61 años |
Kwang Jin Tay | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 61 años |
Michael Pakshong | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 61 años |
H. F. G. Leembruggen | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 61 años |
Lee Hua Lau | F | 58 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 29 años |
Jia Xin Lin | M | 41 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Sandra Yow | F | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Kyoung-Won Na | M | 48 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Chung Chong Yam Soon Leow | M | 52 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 21 años |
Audrey Huang | F | 68 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Tiang Hwa Ng | M | 72 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Lup Sheng Loi | M | 45 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Yeung Sau Siu | M | 50 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 22 años |
Cheang Shiong Tan | M | 46 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Katherine Siew Ling Ang | F | 44 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
See Tiat Quek | M | 69 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Choo Leong Loo | M | 56 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Cheong Yan Law | M | 53 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Mun Chee Tham | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Han Lim | M | 46 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Chung Hian Soh | M | 70 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Choon Hoong Lau | M | 51 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Bee Hong Neo | F | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Jin Thean Teoh | M | 58 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Hock Leong Chan | M | 53 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Chien Toh Ching | F | 38 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Vai Ngoi Chan | F | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Sin Hock Loh | M | 54 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Noor Quek | F | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Ravi Arumugam | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Lip Wee Ng | M | 46 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Kai Kheng Koh | F | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Hak Min Lim | M | 51 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Cheau Leong Loo | M | 50 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Chee Kuan Cheong | F | 48 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Ven Jee Koit | M | 40 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
In Bee Chong | F | 44 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Low Nengduan | F | 51 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Andy Gwee | M | 47 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 21 años |
Lee San Fam | F | 58 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Lay Fen Neo | F | 42 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 17 años |
Kuan Thim Tan | M | 50 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Kah Yan Chew | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Yu Peng Ngo | F | 44 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 14 años |
Sze Chyi Chua | F | 43 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Yih Pin Sitoh | M | 60 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Chee Eng Ooi | M | 52 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Timothy James Reid | M | 63 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Ka Lai Luk | F | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Chu Ang Lim | M | 67 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Yin Yen Tan | F | 61 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Mun Hoong Wong | M | 58 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Soy Yoong Pok | M | 69 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Song Kok Tan | M | 59 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Soo Chiew Chua | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Yew Jin Tan | M | 82 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Lee Yin Chong | F | 57 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Eng Kiat Tay | M | 47 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Kimmy Goh | F | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Yee Yew Leong | M | 81 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Sai Meng Woo | M | 74 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Lee Chye Tay | M | 50 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Seng Geok Koh | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Kow How | M | 75 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Meng Chong Loh | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Joo Hai Lee | M | 69 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Choon Gan Oh | M | 58 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 35 años |
Hwee Song Chua | M | 57 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Swee Chong Lim | M | 67 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Lai Sai Low | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Poh Hua Cheong | F | 68 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Tui San Wong | M | 81 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Chee Han Koh | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Soo Noi Ng | F | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Pei Yean Teoh | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Soh Hoon Lim | F | 55 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Teow Leong Chew | M | 69 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Chan Juan Han | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Ka Wee Chong | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Pei San Lok | F | 45 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Soo Hwi Eng | F | 49 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Ramlee bin Buang | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Hat Eng Chua | M | - |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Shyre Gwo Chang | F | 57 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Hang Siong Heng | M | 59 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Chee Kheong Mah | M | 68 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Yeow Eng Lim | M | 52 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Bee Hoon Ong | F | 55 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Chi Biu Kwok | M | 54 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Juan Meng Wong | F | 66 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | 35 años |
Siew Fu Hor | M | 73 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Sim Cheng Tan | M | 84 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Ban Aik Yeoh | M | 70 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Lay Chew Chng | M | 67 |
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants provides accounting services. | - |
Gráfico relacional
Relaciones con varias empresas
Antiguas relaciones
Nombre | Sexo | Edad | Empresas relacionadas | Colaboración |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sian Chin Phua | M | 74 |
Jason Holdings Ltd.
Jason Holdings Ltd. Engineering & ConstructionIndustrial Services Jason Holdings Ltd. operates as an investment company, which engages in the provision of timber flooring services. It operates through the Projects and Distribution business segments. The Projects segment provides structural clay, concrete products, ceramic, mosaic, tiles, cement works to private and public residential, and commercial property developments. The Distribution segment trades concrete products, ceramic, mosaic, and tiles. The company was founded by Chon Ang Sim in 1987 and is headquartered in Singapore. | 2 años |
Estadísticas
País | Relaciones | % del total |
---|---|---|
Singapur | 100 | 100.00% |
Australia | 0 | -.--% |
Antigüedad de la relación
Activas
Pasados
Hombre
Mujer
Administradores
Ejecutivos
Origen de las relaciones
- Bolsa de valores
- Insiders
- Yew Kong Loke
- Red Personal