Mark I. Spunner

abrdn Investments Ltd. (aIL) is an asset management firm headquartered in Midlothian, UK. The firm was founded in 1987 and formerly known as Aberdeen Asset Managers Ltd. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of abrdn Holdings Ltd., wholly-owned by abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN). aIL provides their clients with discretionary and non-discretionary asset management and related services across a broad range of investment strategies and asset classes. They also offer an alternative platform which encompasses multi-manager research, selection and portfolio management for hedge funds strategies.

Credit Suisse Asset Management Ltd. (CSAM) is the wholly-owned, Great Britain-based asset management subsidiary of Credit Suisse Asset Management (UK) Holding Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Credit Suisse Group AG (SWX: CSGN, NYSE: CS) in Switzerland. Founded in 1982, the firm is headquartered in London and offers a wide range of investment products and functions across asset classes and investment styles for various clients including governments, institutions, corporations and private individuals.

Liverpool Victoria Financial Services Ltd. provides insurance and other financial services. The firm offers car, home, travel, pet, breakdown cover, and motorcycle insurance products, life, mortgage payment protection, income protection, and sick pay insurance products. It also offers savings and investment products, including guarantee bonds and savings plans; and retirement plans, such as protected retirement plans, equity release products, annuities, and pension products. The company was founded by William Fenton in 1843 and is headquartered in Bournemouth, the United Kingdom.

Santander Asset Management UK Ltd. (SAM-UK) is an asset manager headquartered in Glasgow, UK. The firm was founded in 1987 and formerly known as Scottish Mutual Portfolio Managers Ltd. and Abbey National Asset Managers Ltd. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of SAM Investment Holdings SL, owned by Banco Santander SA (NYSE, BME: SAN) in Spain. SAM-UK manages funds on behalf of other Santander group entities as well as retail investors. The firm also manages a small number of segregated corporate portfolios.

Liverpool Victoria Insurance Co. Ltd. provides insurance services. It provides cars, travel, buildings, home contents, and motor insurance products. The company was founded on July 26, 1996 and is headquartered in Bournemouth, the United Kingdom.

Ignis Investment Services Ltd. (IIS) is the asset management subsidiary of Ignis Asset Management Ltd., ultimately held by abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN, ADR: SLFPY) in Great Britain. Headquartered in Edinburgh, the firm was formed following the 2008 merger of Resolution Asset Management and Axial Investment Management. They can trace their origins since 1986. IIS offered tailor-made and pooled solutions for small- to medium-sized pension schemes. Their clients include large corporate pension schemes, charities and life companies along with other strategic partners. They cater to UK retail, institutional and international clients.

Highway Insurance Group Ltd. provides personal lines insurer services. It underwrites motor insurance in different business classes including private car, specialist, fleet, motorcycle, and commercial vehicles. The firm also provides personal insurance and household insurance policies. Its products are distributed exclusively through insurance brokers throughout the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland. The company was founded in 1994 and is headquartered in Brentwood, the United Kingdom.

Tesco Pension Investment Ltd. (TPI) is the pension management subsidiary of Tesco Plc (LON: TSCO) in Great Britain. Headquartered in London, TPI was founded in 2011 to run one of the UK's biggest defined-benefit pension funds and reduce dependence on external providers.

The Association of British Insurers provides insurance services. The non-profit company is based in London, UK. The CEO of the British company is Hannah Gurga.

LV Assistance Services Ltd. provides management services. It offers its services to its subsidiaries, which operate as underwriting agencies at Lloyds. The company was founded on March 21, 1928 and is headquartered in Guildford, the United Kingdom.

Part of Liverpool Victoria Financial Services Ltd., Liverpool Victoria Financial Advice Services Ltd. is a British company that provides insurance and other financial services. The company is based in Bournemouth, UK. Founded in 1995.

Part of Allianz SE, Liverpool Victoria Banking Services Ltd. provides credit finance for commerce industries. The company is based in Bournemouth, UK.

IFG Group PLC provides financial services. The private company is based in Dublin, Ireland.

Part of Liverpool Victoria Financial Services Ltd., LV Equity Release Ltd. is a British company that provides financial intermediation services. The company is based in Bournemouth, UK. LV Equity Release was founded in 1985.

Part of IFG Group Ltd., James Hay Pension Trustees Ltd. is a British company that provides financial investment services. The company is located in UK.

Part of IFG Group Ltd., IPS Pensions Ltd. is a British company that provides employee benefit consultancy and pension scheme administration services. The company is based in Salisbury, UK. The company was founded in 1991. IPS Pensions was acquired by IFG Group Ltd. on April 10, 2002 for $22.13 million.

Part of IFG Group Ltd., NFS (Nominees) Ltd. acts as a nominee/trust/depository. The company is based in London, UK.

Part of IFG Group Ltd., Nucleus Financial Services Ltd. is a British financial services company. The company is based in London, UK. Nucleus Financial Services provides information about their history, experience, latest press releases, and how to work with them on their website.

LV Commercial Mortgages Ltd. operates as a British mortgage finance company. The private company is based in Bournemouth, UK.

LV Life Services Ltd. provides administrative services. The private company is based in Bournemouth, UK.

Part of Ameriprise Financial, Inc., Threadneedle Pensions Ltd. provides life insurance and fund management services. The company is based in London, UK.

Threadneedle Investment Services Ltd. is an asset management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1994 and is a subsidiary of Threadneedle Asset Management Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. Threadneedle Investment Services provides asset management services to pension schemes, insurance companies, private investors, corporations, mutual funds and affiliate companies.

Artemis Investment Management LLP (AIM) is a Great Britain-based investment management firm headquartered in London with an additional office in Edinburgh. The firm was founded in 1997 and is a subsidiary of Artemis Strategic Asset Management Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Affiliated Managers Group, Inc. (NYSE: AMG) in the US. AIM manages a range of funds, investment trusts, hedge fund products, venture capital trusts, and pooled and segregated institutional portfolios for both retail and institutional investors.

UBS Asset Management (UK) Ltd. (UBS-UK) is the Great Britain-based investment subsidiary of UBS Asset Management Holdings Ltd., itself a subsidiary of UBS Group AG (SWX: UBSG, NYSE: UBS) in Switzerland. Founded in 1981 as Phillips & Drew Investment Management Ltd., the firm merged with UBS Asset Management in 2000 to form UBS Asset Management Ltd., which became UBS Global Asset Management (UK) Ltd. in 2002. They changed their name to UBS Asset Management (UK) Ltd. in 2015. Headquartered in London, UBS-UK provides asset management services to corporate and public pension plans, sovereign institutions, endowments and municipalities, charities, insurance companies, wholesale intermediaries, financial institutions, and private clients.

State Street Global Advisors Ltd. (SSGAL) is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. Founded in 1990, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of State Street Global Advisors International Holdings Inc., ultimately held by State Street Corp. (NYSE: STT) in the US. SSGAL offers a variety of asset management solutions to pension funds, investment management companies, insurance companies, central banks, and family offices.

Columbia Threadneedle Netherlands BV (CT Netherlands) is the wholly owned, Netherlands-based investment management subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Group (Holdings) Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. The firm was formerly known as F&C Netherlands BV and became BMO Asset Management Netherlands BV in 2018. They were renamed Columbia Threadneedle Netherlands BV when BMO rebranded to Columbia Threadneedle Investments in 2022. Headquartered in Amsterdam, CT Netherland manages fixed-income assets, credit, convertible stocks and real estate for Dutch institutional investors such as pension funds and insurance companies.

Part of Liverpool Victoria Financial Services Ltd., Wealth Wizards Ltd. is a British company that provides financial advisory services. The company is based in Leamington Spa, UK. The company was founded in 2009 by Andrew Charles Firth, Pete Connell, Tony Vail. Ben Hampton has been the CEO of the company since 2022.

Part of Liverpool Victoria Financial Services Ltd., Teachers Management Services Ltd. provides professional, scientific and technical consulting services. The company is based in Bournemouth, UK. Founded in 1997.

Part of Liverpool Victoria Financial Services Ltd., Sovereign Unit Trust Managers Ltd. provides investment advice. The company is based in Bournemouth, UK. David H. Furniss has been the CEO of the British company since 2003.

Part of Liverpool Victoria Financial Services Ltd., LV Protection Ltd. is a British company that provides life insurance services. The company is based in Bournemouth, UK.

Part of IFG Group Ltd., Nucleus IFA Services Ltd. is a British company that provides financial intermediation services. The company is based in Edinburgh, UK and was founded in 2006.