Michael Ryan Dowd

BNY Mellon Investment Adviser, Inc. (BNYMIA) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1951 and formerly known as The Dreyfus Corp. They are a wholly-owned subsidiary of MBC Investments Corp., ultimately held by The Bank of New York Mellon Corp. (NYSE: BK). BNYMIA serves as an investment advisor to mutual funds, such as the BNY Mellon Family of Funds and The BNY Mellon Funds Trust, and as sub-investment advisor to non-affiliated mutual funds. Formed in 2009, Dreyfus Cash Investment Strategies (Dreyfus) is a division of the BNYMIA that offers money market strategies to US and non-US institutional investors.

The Vanguard Group, Inc. (VGI) is an independent registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1975 by John Bogle. In 1976, they introduced the first indexed mutual fund, the First Index Investment Trust (now known as the Vanguard 500 Index Fund), to individual investors. VGI provides investment advisory services to Vanguard family of funds and Vanguard's non-US clients, which are comprised of the following: (1) funds established as trusts under the laws of the Province of Ontario in Canada and (2) separate account clients of Vanguard's international subsidiaries.

Numeric Investors LLC is a SEC-registered investment advisor and hedge fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded by Langdon Wheeler in 1989 as Numeric Investors LP. They are a wholly owned subsidiary of Man Investments Holdings, Inc., which is ultimately held by Man Group Plc (LON: EMG) in Great Britain. Numeric Investors provides investment advisory services for US and non-US taxable and tax-exempt clients, which are primarily institutions, that invest through separately managed accounts; however, the firm also provides investment advisory services to privately offered pooled investment funds they sponsored.

Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc. (DBSI) is a SEC-registered broker/dealer headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1971 and is a wholly-owned investment banking and brokerage arm of DB U.S. Financial Markets Holding Corp., ultimately held by Deutsche Bank AG (NYSE: DB, FRA: DBK) in Germany. DBSI provides securities brokerage and investment advisory services to domestic and international private clients and institutions. They are also a primary dealer in US government securities as designated by the Federal Reserve.

Putnam Investment Management LLC (PIM) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1971, the firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Putnam US Holdings I LLC and became an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Franklin Resources, Inc. (NYSE: BEN) in 2024. PIM provides investment advice across all asset classes to individuals and institutions worldwide through separately managed accounts and pooled investment funds.

Acadian Asset Management LLC (Acadian) is an asset management firm headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1986 by Gary Bergstrom and Churchill Franklin. The firm is a subsidiary of BrightSphere Affiliate Holdings LLC, ultimately owned by BrightSphere Investment Group, Inc. (NYSE: BSIG). Acadian provides portfolio management services for institutional clients.

Arrowstreet Capital LP is a SEC-registered investment advisor and hedge fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1999 and is a subsidiary of Arrowstreet Capital Holding LLC. They provide investment advisory services to a global institutional client base. Arrowstreet Capital is a signatory to the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (UNPRI).

Geode Capital Management LLC (Geode) is SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 2001 as a spin-off of Fidelity Investments. They are now a subsidiary of Geode Capital Holdings LLC and their ultimate parent is Geode Holdings Trust. Geode acts as adviser and sub-adviser for equity, commodity and options strategies for funds and client accounts.

Putnam Investments LLC operates as an investment advisory company. The company was founded on May 14, 2009 and is headquartered in Boston, MA.

Mellon Investments Corp. is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1983, the firm is a subsidiary of MBC Investments Corp., ultimately held by the Bank of New York Mellon Corp. (BNY Mellon Corp.) (NYSE: BK). In 2018, two other indirect subsidiaries of BNY Mellon Corp., the Boston Company Asset Management LLC (TBCAM) and Standish Mellon Asset Management Company LLC, merged into Mellon Capital Management Corp. and the firm was renamed BNY Mellon Asset Management North America Corp. In 2019, BNY Mellon Asset Management North America Corp. was renamed Mellon Investments Corp. Mellon Investments provides discretionary and non-discretionary investment advice to both individual and institutional clients.

Harvard University engages in the provision of teaching and research. It has twelve degree-granting Schools in addition to the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, offering a global education. The university was founded in 1636 and is headquartered in Cambridge, MA.

Deloitte & Touche LLP engages in the provision of audit, advisory, financial advisory, tax, and consulting services. The company was founded on March 7, 1995 and is headquartered in New York, NY.

Barclays Capital, Inc. is a registered broker/dealer headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1997 and is a subsidiary of Barclays Group US, Inc., ultimately owned by Barclays plc (LON: BARC) in Great Britain. Barclays Capital provides large corporate, government and institutional clients a full spectrum of prime brokerage services which includes equities and fixed income financing, OTC Clearing, Futures and Foreign Exchange Prime Brokerage and access to industry insights and analytics from their Strategic Consulting team.

Vanguard Advisers, Inc., (VAI) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania. The firm was founded in 1995 and is a direct subsidiary of Goliath, Inc., which is in turn a subsidiary of The Vanguard Group, Inc. VAI offers an investment advisory service through Vanguard Institutional Advisory Services (VIAS). VIAS provides investment advisory and administrative services primarily to institutional clients such as endowments, foundations, employee benefit plans and trusts, and family offices.

Colorado College provide a broad liberal arts education to students. The college was founded in May 6, 1874 and it is headquartered in Colorado Springs, CO

The Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, is among the foremost of institutes of national importance in higher technological education and in basic and applied research. The Institute, with nearly 360 faculty, 4000 students, 1250 administrative and supporting staff, is a self-contained campus and is located in a beautiful, wooded land of about 250 hectares in South Madras

Institute for Defense Analyses provides technical analyses of weapons systems and programs to federal agencies. It is a federally funded research organization that works primarily for the US Government's defense agencies. Its research areas include systems evaluations, technology assessments, resource & support analyses, and strategy assessments. The company was founded in 1947 and is headquartered in Alexandria, VA.

Founded in 1898, Northeastern University is a private research university located in the heart of Boston. Northeastern teaches worldwide experiential learning, urban engagement, and interdisciplinary research that meets global and societal needs. The University offers a range of undergraduate and graduate programs leading to degrees through the doctorate in nine colleges and schools.

Columbia Management Investment Advisers LLC (CMIA) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP). The firm was formed in 2010 due to Ameriprise Financial Services' (AFS) acquisition of the long-term asset management business of Columbia Management Group (CMG) from Bank of America. AFS merged CMG's long-term asset management business with their subsidiary, RiverSource Investments LLC, under the name Columbia Management Investment Advisors. CMIA offers equity and fixed-income retail and institutional investment products for various types of clients.