Jeffrey Joel Mindlin

Founded in 2012, Tower Square Investment Management LLC (TSIM) is a registered investment advisor located in El Segundo, California. The firm is a subsidiary of Cetera Financial Group, Inc. and their ultimate parent is RCS Capital Corp. (OTCMKTS: RCAP). Tower Square provides services to other investment advisers, broker-dealers, and their clients. They do not contract directly with individual investors. Instead, they are hired by related firms to provide management services to their clients. TSIM's strategies are mostly used as a foundation for another investment advisors' advisory programs.

Founded in 2006, First Allied Asset Management, Inc. is a registered investment advisor headquartered in San Diego, California. In September 2013, a majority interest in First Allied Holdings Inc., the parent company of First Allied Asset Management, was purchased by RCAP Holdings LLC, a member of the American Realty Capital group of companies, from several private equity funds controlled by Lovell Minnick Partners LLC. First Allied Holdings is also the parent company of First Allied Securities, Inc., First Allied Advisory Services, Inc., FASI Insurance Services, Inc., First Allied Retirement Services, Inc., Legend Advisory Corp., Legend Equities Corp. and other affiliated entities.

Pinhook Capital LLC (PCL) is an independent registered investment adviser headquartered in San Diego, California. The firm was founded in 2011 as RJL Capital Management LLC and as LCM Investment Management LLC. PCL provides portfolio management services to their clients through investment programs. The firm provides their services to other investment advisers and does not contract directly with individual investors.