Sabya Sinha

Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM) is a registered investment advisor headquartered in San Francisco, California. The firm was founded in 1989 and is a subsidiary of The Charles Schwab Corp. (NASDAQ: SCHW). CSIM provides investment advice to pooled investment funds such as registered investment companies and non-US funds and to trustees of collective trust funds. They also provide non-discretionary investment management advice to their affiliate, Charles Schwab Bank (CSB).

F-Squared Investments, Inc. is an investment advisory firm headquartered in Wellesley, Massachusetts. The firm was founded by Vadim Fishman in 2006 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of F-Squared Investment Management LLC, ultimately held y Cedar Capital Investments Holdings LLC. F-Squared Investments offers various index products on a non-discretionary basis to unaffiliated third parties, and provides discretionary investment advisory services based on those index products to various separately managed account clients.

BofA Distributors, Inc. is a broker/dealer located in Boston. The firm is a subsidiary of BofA Advisors LLC and their ultimate parent is Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC). They were formerly known as Columbia Management Distributors, Inc. The firm provides a full array of trading and execution services for their clients. BofA Distributors does not provide any internal research.

IndexIQ Advisors LLC (IndexIQ) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and hedge fund manager headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 2007 and is wholly owned subsidiary of IndexIQ LLC. They became an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of New York Life Insurance Co. in 2015. IndexIQ provides a broad array of investment advisory services to registered investment advisers, broker-dealers, Registered Funds operating as ETFs and Mutual Funds, and other clients. The firm offers its services to UMA, Wrap, and other advisory programs of third-party sponsors.